RUHEYANZHANGFANSHENTOUMODESHIYONGSHOUMING？CAIYONGGUOLIANGZHONGFANGFABAOHUMO。YISHEBEISHIJIYUNXINGLIANGTIAN(15～24h),RANHOUCAIYONG2%DEJIAQUANRONGYEBAOYANG;ERYUNXING2～6hHOU,YONG1%DENaHSO3DESHUIRONGYEJINXINGBAOYANG(YINGPAIJINSHEBEIGUANLUZHONGDEKONGQI,BAOZHENGSHEBEIBULOU,GUANBISUOYOUDEJINCHUKOUFA。

防止膜性能的损坏

XINDEFANSHENTOUMOYUANJIANTONGCHANGJINRUN1%NaHSO3HE18%DEGANYOUSHUIRONGYEHOUZHUCUNZAIMIFENGDESULIAODAIZHONG。ZAISULIAODAIBUPODEQINGKUANGXIA,ZHUCUN1NIANZUOYOU,YEBUHUIYINGXIANGQISHOUMINGHEXINGNENG。DANGSULIAODAIKAIKOUHOU,YINGJINKUAISHIYONG,YIMIANYINNaHSO3ZAIKONGQIZHONGYANGHUA,DUIYUANJIANCHANSHENGBULIANGYINGXIANG。YINCIMOYINGJINLIANGZAISHIYONGQIANKAIFENG。

FANSHENTOUSHEBEISHIJIWANHOU,WOMENCAIYONGGUOLIANGZHONGFANGFABAOHUMO。SHEBEISHIJIYUNXINGLIANGTIAN(15～24h),RANHOUCAIYONG2%DEJIAQUANRONGYEBAOYANG;HUOYUNXING2～6hHOU,YONG1%DENaHSO3DESHUIRONGYEJINXINGBAOYANG(YINGPAIJINSHEBEIGUANLUZHONGDEKONGQI,BAOZHENGSHEBEIBULOU,GUANBISUOYOUDEJINCHUKOUFA)。LIANGZHONGFANGFAJUNKEDEDAOMANYIDEXIAOGUO。DIYIZHONGFANGFACHENGBENGAOXIE,ZAIXIANZHISHIJIANZHANGSHISHIYONG,DIERZHONGFANGFAZAIXIANZHISHIJIANJIAODUANSHISHIYONG。

反渗透设备的操作不当引起膜性能的损坏

1　FANSHENTOUSHEBEIZHONGYOUCANYUQITIZAIGAOYAXIAYUNXING,XINGCHENGQICHUIHUISUNHUAIMO

CHANGYOULIANGZHONGQINGKUANGFASHENG:A、SHEBEIPAIKONGHOU,ZHONGXINYUNXINGSHI,QITIMEIYOUPAIJINJIUKUAISUSHENGYAYUNXING。YINGZAI2～4barDEYALIXIAJIANGYUXIADEKONGQIPAIJINHOU,ZAIZHUBUSHENGYAYUNXING。B、ZAIYUCHULISHEBEIYUGAOYABENGZHIJIANDEJIETOUMIFENGBUHAOHUOLOUSHUISHI(YOUQISHIWEILVQIJIQIHOUDEGUANLULOUSHUI)DANGYUCHULIGONGSHUIBUHENZUSHI,RUWEILVFASHENGDUSAI,ZAIMIFENGBUHAODEDIFANGYOUYUZHENKONGHUIXIJINBUFENKONGQI。YINGQINGXIHUOGENGHUANWEILVQI,BAOZHENGGUANLUBULOU。ZONGZHI,YINGZAILIULIANGJIZHONGMEIYOUQIPAODEQINGKUANGXIAZHUBUSHENGYAYUNXING,YUNXINGZHONGFAXIANQIPAOYINGZHUJIANJIANGYAJIANCHAYUANYIN。

2　FANSHENTOUSHEBEIGUANJISHIDEFANGFABUZHENGQUE

A、GUANJISHIKUAISUJIANGYAMEIYOUJINXINGCHEDICHONGXI。YOUYUMONONGSHUICEDEWUJIYANDENONGDUGAOYUYUANSHUI,YIJIEGOUERWURANMO。B、YONGTOUJIAHUAXUESHIJIDEYUCHULISHUICHONGXI。YINHANHUAXUESHIJIDESHUIZAISHEBEITINGYUNQIJIANKENENGYINQIMOWURAN。

FANSHENTOUSHEBEIZAIZHUNBEIGUANJISHI,YINGTINGZHITOUJIAHUAXUESHIJI,ZHUBUJIANGYAZHI3barZUOYOUYONGYUCHULIHAODESHUICHONGXI10min,ZHIZHINONGSUOSHUIDETDSYUYUANSHUIDETDSHENJIEJINWEIZHI。

3　FANSHENTOUSHEBEIXIAODUHEBAOYANGBULIDAOZHIWEISHENGWUDEWURAN

ZHEISHIFUHEJUXIANANMOSHIYONGZHONGPUBIANCUNZAIDEWENTI,YINWEIJUXIANANMONAIYULVXINGCHA,ZAISHIYONGZHONGMEIYOUZHENGQUETOUJIALVDENGXIAODUJI,JIASHANGYONGHUDUIWEISHENGWUDEYUFANGZHONGSHIBUGOU,RONGYIDAOZHIWEISHENGWUDEWURAN。MUQIANXUDUOCHANGJIASHENGCHANDECHUNSHUIWEISHENGWUCHAOBIAO,JIUSHIXIAODU、BAOYANGBULIZAOCHENGDE。

ZHUYAOBIAOXIANWEI:CHUCHANGSHI,ROSHEBEIMEIYOUCAIYONGXIAODUYEBAOYANG;SHEBEIANZHUANGHAOHOUMEIYOUDUIZHENGGEGUANLUHEYUCHULISHEBEIXIAODU;JIANDUANYUNXINGBUCAIQUXIAODUHEBAOYANGCUOSHI;MEIYOUDINGQIDUIYUCHULISHEBEIHEFANSHENTOUSHEBEIXIAODU;BAOYANGYESHIXIAOHUONONGDUBUGOU。

4　FANSHENTOUSHEBEIYULVJIANCEBULI

RUTOUJIANaHSO3DEBENGSHILINGHUOYAOYESHIXIAO,HUOHUOXINGTANBAOHESHIYINYULVSUNHUAIMO。

清洗不及时与清洗方法不正确导致的膜性能的损坏

SHEBEIZAISHIYONGGUOCHENGZHONG,CHULEXINGNENGDEZHENGCHANGSHUAIJIANWAI,YOUYUWURANERYINQISHEBEIXINGNENGDESHUAIJIANGENGWEIYANZHONG。TONGCHANGDEWURANZHUYAOYOUHUAXUEGOU,YOUJIWUJIJIAOTIWURAN,WEISHENGWUWURANDENG。BUTONGDEWURANBIAOXIANCHUDEZHENGZHUANGSHIBUTONGDE。BUTONGDEMOGONGSISUOTICHUDEMOWURANDEZHENGZHUANGYESHIYOUYIDINGDECHAYI。

ZAIGONGCHENGZHONGWOMENFAXIAN,WURANSHIJIANDEZHANGDUANBUYIYANG,QIZHENGZHUANGYEBUYIYANG。RU:MOFASHENGTANSUANGAIGOUWURAN,WURANSHIJIANWEIYIGEXINGQISHI,ZHUYAOBIAOXIANWEITUOYANLVDEXUNSUXIAJIANG,YACHAHUANMANZENGDA,ERCHANSHUILIANGBIANHUABUMINGXIAN,YONGNINGMENGSUANQINGXINENGWANQUANHUIFUXINGNENG。WURANSHIJIANWEIYINIAN(MOUCHUNSHUIJI),YANTONGLIANGYOUZUICHUDE2mg/LSHANGSHENGWEI37mg/L(YUANSHUIWEI140mg/L～160mg/L),CHANSHUILIANGYOU230L/hXIAJIANGWEI50L/h,YONGNINGMENGSUANQINGXIHOU,YANTONGLIANGJIANGWEI7mg/L,CHANSHUILIANGSHANGSHENGZHI210L/h。

ZAIZHEWURANWANGWANGBUSHIDANYIDE,QIBIAOXIANDEZHENGZHUANGYEYOUYIDINGDECHABIE,SHIDEWURANDEJIANBIEGENGKUNNAN。

鉴别污染类型要综合原水水质,设计参数,污染指数,运行记录,设备性能变化及微生物指标等加以判断:

(1)JIAOTIWURAN:FASHENGJIAOTIWURANSHI,TONGCHANGBANSUIZHEYIXIALIANGGETEXING:A、QIANCHULIZHONGWEILVQIDUSAIDEHENKUAI,YOUQISHIYACHAZENGDAHENKUAI,B、SDIZHITONGCHANGZAI2.5YISHANG。

(2)WEISHENGWUWURAN:FASHENGWEISHENGWUWURANSHI,ROSHEBEIDETOUGUOSHUIHENONGSUOSHUIZHONGDEXIJUNZONGSHUDOUBIJIAOGAO,PINGSHIYIDINGMEIYOUANYAOQIUJINXINGBAOYANGHEXIAODU。

(3)GAIGOU:KEYIJUYUANSHUISHUIZHIJISHEJICANSHUJINXINGPANDUAN。DUITANSUANYANXINGSHUIERYAN,RUGUOHUISHOULVWEI75%SHI,SHEJISHITOUJIALEZUGOUJI,NONGSUOYEDELSIYINGXIAOYU1;BUTOUJIAZUGOUJISHINONGSUOYEDELSIYINGXIAOYULING,YIBANBUHUICHANSHENGGAIGOU。

(4)KEYONG1/4YINGCUNDEPVCSULIAOGUANCHARUZUJIANZHONGCESHIZUJIANBUTONGBUWEIDEXINGNENGBIANHUAJINXINGPANDUAN。

(5)GENJUSHEBEIXINGNENGDEBIANHUAPANDUANWURANDELEIXING。

(6)KEYONGSUANXI(RUNINGMENGSUAN、XIHNO3),GENJUQINGXIDEXIAOGUOHEQINGXIYEPANDUANGAIGOU,TONGGUOQINGXIYECHENGFENFENXIJINYIBUZHENGSHI。

(7)DUIQINGXIYEJINXINGHUAXUEFENXI:QUYUANSHUI、QINGXIYUANYE、QINGXIYE,SANGEYANGFENXI。

RUHEYANZHANGFANSHENTOUMOSHIYONGSHOUMINGZHUYAOJIANGDIMOYUANJIANDESUNHUAILVJIZUNXUNFANSHENTOUXITONGZHENGQUEDEQINGXILIUCHENG，BINGTONGGUOXIANGGUANZHIBIAOPANDUANSHOUWURANHESUNHUAIDECHENGDUJIYINSU，BINGJISHIJINXINGXIUFU，YANZHANGFANSHENTOUMODESHIYONGSHOUMING。